Post by Iac Marscheir on Oct 23, 2017 8:35:10 GMT -6
Nouns
Like every other language, Esperanto has nouns. Y’know, people, places, things, abstracts.
Many languages have what’s noun as noun gender: arbitrary categories of nouns that force a noun’s complements to agree with it. GOOD NEWS!!!!!!!! Esperanto doesn’t have noun gender!!!!!! Every single noun ends in -o. Viro, posxtelefono, lito, lupo, every single one. To pluralize any noun, just add -j to the end. Viroj, posxtelefonoj, litoj, lupoj.
However, not all things are so rosy.
The Accusative Case
Don’t worry, it’s not so bad. The accusative case is added to the object of the verb in a sentence. It consists solely of adding an -n to the end of the object and its complements (adjectives, possessives, etc.). It comes after the plural ending, so viron, virojn, etc.
The accusative case is used with objects of every verb EXCEPT esti “to be” (more on verbs in a later lesson, probably #5). It also doesn’t get added to nouns after the verb that are separated from the verb by a preposition.
To summarize, every noun ends in -o, and is pluralized with -j. The accusative case marks the object of a verb. Use it after transitive verbs but not when it’s esti “to be” or when the two are selarated by a preposition.
That’s all, folks! I’ll make another post soon.
